Journal of Pediatric Psychology 13(3) pp. 423-433, 1988
© 1988 Society of Pediatric Psychology
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Language Screening for Infants Prone to Otitis Media1
Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland Medical System, Hearing and Speech Agency Baltimore, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland Medical System, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland Medical System, University of Maryland Baltimore County
2A11 correspondence should be sent to Maureen M. Black, Division of Behavioral and Developmental Pediatrics, University of Maryland, 630 W. Fayette Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
The language, developmental status, and characteristics of mother-infant interaction in a group of infants with a history of recurrent otitis media were compared to those of a healthy control group (mean age of infants = 14.66 months). Both groups received their well child and medical care at a university-affiliated inner-city primary pediatric clinic. An easily administered language screening instrument, the Early Language Milestones Scale (ELM), was highly sensitive and specific in the early identification of language delay. While the majority of infants exhibited language and developmental scores within normal limits, 28% of the infants with a history of otitis media had language and developmental delays by 18 months of age. Exposure to an enriched linguistic environment through maternal cognitive growth-fostering behavior observed during a mother-infant play session was positively associated with higher scores on an infant assessment of cognitive development. These results lend support to a rational-constructionist theoretical interpretation that through linguistic enrichment infants may compensate for periods of hearing loss.
Key words: otitis media; infancy; screening; language development; parent-infant interaction.
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