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Journal of Pediatric Psychology 16(4) pp. 489-504, 1991
© 1991 Society of Pediatric Psychology

research-article

Preparation of Children for Emergency Medical Care: A Primary Prevention Approach1

Peggy Howland McFarland and Annette L. Stanton2,

Auburn University, University of Kansas

2All correspondence should be sent to Annette L. Stanton, Department of Psychology, 426 Fraser Hall, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045–2160.

Increased emergency room use and the resulting rise in pediatric visits have prompted interest in psychological aspects of pediatric emergency care. This study evaluated the efficacy of a multicomponent hospital program designed to prepare children for emergency room visits. In Phase 1, 148 kindergarteners completed measures of medical fears and knowledge at pretreatment, posttreat-ment, and a 4-week follow-up. Program attenders had significantly fewer medical fears and higher medical knowledge at posttest and follow-up than control children. The program was more effective for black than white children. In Phase 2, 51 high-fear children from Phase 1 were selected randomly to attend a medical examination in an emergency room. No effects for program emerged on the observational distress measures or physiological arousal. Phase 2 children showed significantly increased medical knowledge at follow-up compared to children who did not receive the medical exam.

Key words: emergency medical preparation; childhood stress; primary prevention.


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L. Horowitz, N. Kassam-Adams, and J. Bergstein
Mental Health Aspects of Emergency Medical Services for Children: Summary of a Consensus Conference
J. Pediatr. Psychol., December 1, 2001; 26(8): 491 - 502.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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