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Journal of Pediatric Psychology 17(2) pp. 231-239, 1992
© 1992 Society of Pediatric Psychology

research-article

Development of an Instrument to Measure the Behaviors and Expectations of Parents of Young Children1

Robert A. Fox2

Marquette University

2All correspondence should be sent to Robert A. Fox, Marquette University, School of Education, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233

Designed a study to develop an instrument, the Parenting Inventory: Young Children (PI), to assess the behaviors and developmental expectations of parents who have a child between 1 and 4 years of age. Item development for the PI occurred within a developmental-environmental theoretical framework and was based on literature reviews and clinical experience. Experts working with parents and/or children and parents of young children established the content validity of the items. The PI was tested with a sample of 1,140 mothers. This sample was representative of the population from which it was drawn, a large urban area, in terms of the sample children's sex and ethnicity. A diverse range of socioeconomic levels were included. The resulting 100-item PI was found to reliably measure three aspects of parenting: Expectations, Discipline, and Nurturing. These factors demonstrated good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Future research needs relative to the continued development of the PI are addressed.

Key words: parenting; young children; assessment.


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