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Journal of Pediatric Psychology 23(1) pp. 17-27, 1998
© 1998 Society of Pediatric Psychology

research-article

Matching Preparatory Intervention to Coping Style: The Effects on Children's Distress in the Dental Setting

Beth Christiano, PhD1 and Sandra W. Russ, PhD

Case Western Reserve University

1All correspondence should be sent to Beth Christiano, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 3600 Forbes Avenue, Suite 405, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213. E-mail: bethc{at}pcicirs.pci.pitt.edu.

Objective: Investigate the effects of matching preparatory interventions to patients' coping styles.

Methods: Participants were 61 children, with a restricted age range of 6 through 9 years old (mean age was 7.9 years), who underwent dental restoration. Participants were randomly assigned to an information intervention, a relaxation intervention, or a control condition. Play and parent-report of sensitization/repression were indices of coping style. The first hypothesis, that play would relate to sensitization/repression, was tested using Pearson correlations. The second hypothesis, that interventions that were congruent with patients' coping styles would be more effective than incongruent interventions, was tested using MANCOVAs.

Results: No relation was found between play and coping style. The "congruency hypothesis" was supported for self-reported distress immediately following the intervention. On behavioral distress variables, the interaction between sensitization/ repression and condition was contrary to the congruency hypothesis.

Conclusions: Implications for future research and clinical intervention with pediatric populations were discussed.

Key words: play; coping; dental; preparatory intervention.


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