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Journal of Pediatric Psychology, Vol. 25, No. 2, 2000, pp. 59-68
© 2000 Society of Pediatric Psychology

Intellectual, Neuropsychological, and Academic Functioning in Long-Term Survivors of Leukemia

Emma Raymond-Speden, PhD, Gail Tripp, PhD, Ben Lawrence, MSc and David Holdaway, FRACP

University of Otago

All correspondence should be sent to Gail Tripp, Department of Psychology, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. E-mail: gtripp{at}psy.otago.ac.nz .

Objective: To assess the effects of treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) on children's cognitive functioning.

Method: Participants were long-term survivors of ALL treated with cranial irradiation and central nervous system (CNS) chemotherapy (n = 20), or CNS chemotherapy only (n = 21), healthy children (n = 21), and children with chronic asthma (n = 21). The groups were compared on measures of intellectual, neuropsychological, and academic functioning.

Results: CNS chemotherapy, with and without cranial irradiation, was associated with significantly lower levels of intellectual and academic functioning. Children with chronic asthma obtained lower scores than healthy controls, but these differences were not significant. Tests of neuropsychological functioning did not consistently separate the groups.

Conclusions: CNS chemotherapy and, to a lesser extent, chronic illness both contribute to the poorer performance of long-term survivors of ALL on measures of intellectual and academic functioning.

Key words: children; leukemia; cranial irradiation; CNS chemotherapy; IQ; neuropsychological; academic.


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