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Journal of Pediatric Psychology, Vol. 26, No. 6, 2001, pp. 321-329
© 2001 Society of Pediatric Psychology

Special Section: Children with HIV/AIDS and Their Families

Effects of Home Environment, Socioeconomic Status, and Health Status on Cognitive Functioning in Children With HIV-1 Infection

Juliet M. Coscia, PhD1, Bruce K. Christensen, PhD1, Rolando R. Henry, PhD1, Kenneth Wallston, PhD1, Jerilynn Radcliffe, PhD2 and Richard Rutstein, MD2

1 Vanderbilt University, 2 The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Medical School

All correspondence should be sent to Juliet M. Coscia, now at the Division of Psychology, Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039. E-mail: coscj0{at}chmcc.org .

Objective: To investigate the effects of the home environment, socioeconomic status (SES), and health status on cognitive functioning in a sample of children with HIV-1 infection in a cross-sectional study.

Methods: Forty-three caregivers and their children (2.5 to 12 years) participated. Caregivers completed two self-report measures of the home environment that included questions regarding the organization of the environment, play materials, parental involvement, variety of stimulation, and parental attitudes toward the provision of a cognitively stimulating environment. Cognitive functioning was assessed using a standardized intelligence (IQ) test. Children's medical charts were reviewed for HIV-1 classification status (CDC, 1994), CD4 cell counts, and current medication.

Results: This study revealed two primary findings. First, measures of the home environment mediated the association between SES and child IQ. Second, measures of the home environment had a stronger association with child IQ during the advanced stages of disease than earlier stages of disease.

Conclusions: The home environment is associated with cognitive functioning among children with HIV-1 infection. Moreover, interventions aimed at enhancing the quality of the home environment may have a positive impact on these children's cognitive development.

Key words: HIV-1 infection; children; cognitive development; family.


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