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Journal of Pediatric Psychology 29(2) pp. 143-155, 2004
Journal of Pediatric Psychology vol. 29 no. 2 © Society of Pediatric Psychology 2004; all rights reserved

The Brief Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment: Screening for Social-Emotional Problems and Delays in Competence

Margaret J. Briggs-Gowan1, Alice S. Carter2, Julia R. Irwin3, Karen Wachtel4 and Domenic V. Cicchetti5

1 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University, 2 Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, 3 Haskins Laboratory, New Haven, Connecticut, 4 Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, and 5 Child Study Center, Yale University

All correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Margaret Briggs-Gowan, Epidemiology and Public Health, PO Box 208034, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520. E-mail: margaret.briggs-gowan{at}yale.edu.

Objective To examine the reliability and validity of the 42-item Brief Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment (BITSEA), a screener for social-emotional/behavioral problems and delays in competence. Method Parents in a representative healthy birth cohort of 1,237 infants aged 12 to 36 months completed the Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment (ITSEA)/BITSEA, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)/1.5-5, the MacArthur Communication Developmental Inventory vocabulary checklist, and worry questions. In a subsample, independent evaluators rated infant-toddler behavior. Results Test-retest reliability was excellent and interrater agreement (mother/father and parent/child-care provider) was good. Supporting validity, BITSEA problems correlated with concurrent evaluator problem ratings and CBCL/1.5-5 scores and also predicted CBCL/1.5-5 and ITSEA problem scores one year later. BITSEA measures of competence correlated with concurrent observed competence and predicted later ITSEA competence measures. Supporting discriminant validity, only 23% of high BITSEA problem scorers had delayed vocabulary. Moreover, the combined BITSEA problem/competence cutpoints identified 85% of subclinical/clinical CBCL/1.5-5 scores, while maintaining acceptable specificity (75%). Conclusions Findings support the BITSEA as a screener for social-emotional/behavioral problems and delays in social-emotional competence.

Key words: screener; social-emotional problems; behavior problems; competence; infant-toddler.


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