Journal of Pediatric Psychology 29(3) pp. 211-219, 2004
Journal of Pediatric Psychology vol. 29 no. 3 © Society of Pediatric Psychology 2004; all rights reserved
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS) in Families of Adolescent Childhood Cancer Survivors
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
All correspondence should be sent to Anne E. Kazak, Ph.D., ABPP, Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th St. & Civic Center Boulevard, Room 1486 CHOP North, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104. E-mail: kazak{at}email.chop.edu.
Objective To describe rates and concordance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in adolescent childhood cancer survivors and their mothers and fathers. Method Participants were 150 adolescent survivors of childhood cancer, 146 mothers, and 103 fathers who completed the Impact of Events Scale–Revised, the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index, and the PTSD module of the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition. Results PTSS are common in families of childhood cancer survivors. Parents reported more symptomatology than former patients. Mothers and fathers had relatively equal rates of current PTSD and levels of PTSS. Nearly 30% of mothers met diagnostic criteria since their child's diagnosis, with 13.7% currently experiencing PTSD. Nearly 20% of families had at least one parent with current PTSD. Ninety-nine percent of the sample had at least one family member reexperiencing symptoms. Conclusions Both PTSD and PTSS help in understanding the experience of adolescent cancer survivors and their families. Within families of childhood cancer survivors, it is likely that some member may be experiencing treatable bothersome memories, arousal, or avoidance specific to the cancer experience.
Key words: pediatric oncology; cancer survivors; adolescents; families; posttraumatic stress symptoms; PTSD.
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