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Journal of Pediatric Psychology Advance Access originally published online on March 3, 2005
Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2006 31(2):184-193; doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsj007
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org

Does Time Spent in Child Care Influence Risk for Unintentional Injury?

David C. Schwebel, PhD1, Carl M. Brezausek, MS2 and Jay Belsky, PhD3

1 Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2 Center for Educational Accountability, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and 3 Birkbeck University of London

All correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to David C. Schwebel, Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, 1300 University Boulevard, CH 415, Birmingham, Alabama 35294. E-mail: schwebel{at}uab.edu.

Received April 5, 2004; revisions received May 17, 2004 and October 27, 2004; accepted January 26, 2005

Objective To investigate the effect of quantity and quality of early child care on children’s risk for unintentional injury. Methods A diverse cohort of 1,225 children was recruited from several sites in the United States and followed from birth until first grade. Quantity and quality of child care from birth until entry into kindergarten were used to predict unintentional injuries from age 6 months until first grade. Measures from an evaluation at 6 months of age were tested as covariates. Results Children who spent more time in nonparental childcare environments were at slightly reduced risk for unintentional injury after controlling for child (gender, temperament), family [socioeconomic status (SES)], parent (positive parenting), and child care (quality of care) characteristics. ConclusionsWe discuss possible explanations for the results, including the possibilities that childcare center environments are safer than the homes of most preschoolers or that attendance in child care is nonrandom.

Key words: child care; children; injuries; safety.


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D. C. Schwebel and C. M. Brezausek
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J. Pediatr. Psychol., April 1, 2008; 33(3): 323 - 332.
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