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Journal of Pediatric Psychology Advance Access originally published online on September 21, 2005
Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2006 31(5):522-527; doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsj081
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Brief Report: Optimizing Children’s Memory and Management of an Invasive Medical Procedure: The Influence of Procedural Narration and Distraction

Karen Salmon, Dip. Clin. Psych., PhD1, Fiona McGuigan, MPsychol., PhD1,3 and John Kieran Pereira, MBBS, B(med)S2,4

1 University of New South Wales, 2 Sydney Children’s and Prince of Wales Hospitals, 3 School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, and 4 Department of Medical Imaging and Nephrology, Sydney Children’s and Prince of Wales Hospitals

All correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Karen Salmon, School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia. E-mail: k.salmon{at}unsw.edu.au.

Received February 17, 2005; revisions received April 26, 2005 and July 28, 2005; accepted August 28, 2005

Objective To evaluate the influence of two interventions on children’s memory of and distress during a voiding cysto-urethrogram (VCUG, X-ray of the kidneys). Methods Sixty-two children (aged 2.5–7.5 years) were allocated to one of three conditions. In one (CI + D), they received complete procedural information during the VCUG, with a cartoon video. In a second (PI + D), children received limited procedural information, with a cartoon video. In a third (standard care, PI), they received limited procedural information. VCUGs were videotaped and distress was coded using the CAMPIS-R. To assess memory, children were interviewed 1 week later. Results Relative to the PI condition, children in the CI + D condition recalled more information, appraised the VCUG as less painful, and were less distressed. There were no differences between the PI + D and PI conditions. Conclusions An inexpensive, theoretically driven intervention can enhance children’s memory and reduce distress during an invasive procedure.

Key words: children; distraction; distress; medical procedure; memory; procedural information.


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