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Journal of Pediatric Psychology Advance Access originally published online on May 23, 2007
Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2007 32(8):918-925; doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsm028
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Motor and Perceptual Timing Deficits Among Survivors of Childhood Leukemia

E. Mark Mahone, PhD1,2, M. Cristine Prahme, MS1, Kathy Ruble, MSN2, Stewart H. Mostofsky, MD1,2 and Cindy L. Schwartz, MD3

1Kennedy Krieger Institute, 2Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and 3Brown University School of Medicine

All correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to E. Mark Mahone, PhD, Department of Neuropsychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 1750 E. Fairmount Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21231. E-mail: mahone{at}kennedykrieger.org.


  Abstract

Objective There is growing evidence of cerebellar-frontal system change in children treated for leukemia with chemotherapy alone (Lesnik et al., 1998). Methods We compared 22 long-term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), aged 8–18, to 22 age- and gender-matched controls on tasks emphasizing cerebellar-frontal functioning including judgment of time duration and motor timing. Groups were also compared on a judgment of pitch task, used as a control measure. Children with ALL were at least 5 years from diagnosis, treated with intrathecal chemotherapy (methotrexate in all, hydrocortisone and cytarabine in 20/22), but not radiation therapy, and free from recurrence of disease. Results After controlling for IQ, the ALL group had poorer performance than controls on judgment of long duration and motor timing, but not judgment of pitch. Conclusions Treatment with intrathecal and infusional chemotherapy for childhood ALL may be associated with skill deficits comparable to those seen in individuals with cerebellar-frontal abnormalities.

Key words: cerebellum; executive function; late effects; leukemia; neuropsychological timing.

Received April 30, 2006; revision received March 20, 2007; accepted March 29, 2007


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