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Journal of Pediatric Psychology Advance Access published online on April 29, 2008
Journal of Pediatric Psychology, doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsn039
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Brief Report: Illness Factors and Child Behavior Before and During Pediatric Hospitalization*

Michelle C. Levy, MS1, William G. Kronenberger, PhD2 and Bryan D. Carter, PhD3

1Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, 2Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine and 3Department of Psychiatry, University of Louisville School of Medicine

All correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to William G. Kronenberger, Riley Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, 702 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. E-mail: wkronenb{at}iupui.edu


  Abstract

Objective Little is known about factors predicting in-hospital adjustment in children with chronic illnesses or about risk/protective factors for in-hospital behavior compared to out-of-hospital behavior. This study investigated the relationship between illness factors (chronicity and severity) and child adjustment in and out of the hospital. Methods Parents and nurses completed questionnaires about in-hospital and home behavior for a sample of 85 hospitalized children. Results In the hospital, children with acute illnesses demonstrated more internalizing behavior problems than children with chronic illnesses. Children with life-threatening illnesses had more internalizing and externalizing problems than children with non-life-threatening illnesses. Out of the hospital, children with chronic illnesses demonstrated more internalizing problems and a trend toward more externalizing problems than healthy children who later developed acute illnesses. Out of hospital behavior problems were unrelated to illness severity. Conclusions Results suggest that different illness factors may predict in-hospital as compared to out-of-hospital behavioral adjustment.

Key words: behavior problems; children; hospitalization; pediatric consultation–liaison.

*Portions of this article were presented at the 2004 Conference on Child Health Psychology, Charleston, SC.

Received November 14, 2007; revision received March 7, 2008; accepted April 2, 2008


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