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Journal of Pediatric Psychology Advance Access published online on October 1, 2008
Journal of Pediatric Psychology, doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsn089
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Triple Risk: Do Difficult Temperament and Family Conflict Increase the Likelihood of Behavioral Maladjustment in Children Born Low Birth Weight and Preterm?

Leanne Whiteside-Mansell, EdD1, Robert H. Bradley, PhD2, Patrick H. Casey, MD3, Jill J. Fussell, MD4 and Nicola A. Conners-Burrow, Phd1

1Partners for Inclusive Communities, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 2Center for Research on Teaching and Learning, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 3Center for Applied Research and Evaluation, and 4Division of Developmental–Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

All correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Leanne Whiteside-Mansell, Partners for Inclusive Communities, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA. E-mail: whitesidemansellleanne{at}uams.edu


  Abstract

Objective This study examined the impact of family conflict on internalizing and externalizing behavior at age 8 for children born low birth weight (LBW) and preterm (PT), with specific attention to the moderating role of early temperament. Methods The sample included 728 families enrolled in the longitudinal study of the Infant Health and Development Program. The study relied on maternal reports of child temperament at age 1, family conflict at age 61/2 years and 8 years, and child behavior at age 8 years. Results Children exposed to high levels of family conflict had more internalizing problems. Child temperament assessed in infancy moderated the impact of family conflict on externalizing but not internalizing problem behavior. Discussion LBW/PT children with a difficult temperament are more at risk for poor developmental outcomes, such as externalizing behavior problems, when exposed to family conflict than children with a less difficult temperament.

Key words: behavior problems; family conflict; temperament.

Received November 15, 2007; revision received July 13, 2008; accepted July 19, 2008


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