Journal of Pediatric Psychology, Vol. 27, No. 1, 2002, pp. 87-96
© 2002 Society of Pediatric Psychology
Post-hoc Probing of Significant Moderational and Mediational Effects in Studies of Pediatric Populations
Loyola University of Chicago
All correspondence should be sent to Grayson N. Holmbeck, Loyola University of Chicago, Department of Psychology, 6525 N. Sheridan Road, Chicago, Illinois 60626. E-mail: gholmbe{at}luc.edu .
Objective: To provide examples of post-hoc probing of significant moderator and mediator effects in research on children with pediatric conditions.
Methods: To demonstrate post-hoc probing of moderational
effects, significant two-way interaction effects (dichotomous variable x
continuous variable; continuous variable x continuous variable) were
probed with regressions that included conditional moderator variables.
Regression lines were plotted based on the resulting regression equations that
included simple slopes and y-intercepts. To demonstrate probing of
mediational effects, the significance of the indirect effect was tested (i.e.,
the drop in the total predictor 
outcome effect when the mediator is
included in the model), using Sobel's
(1988) equation for computing
the standard error of the indirect effect.
Results: All significant moderator and mediator effects are presented in figure form.
Conclusions: The computational examples demonstrate the importance of conducting post-hoc probes of moderational and mediational effects.
Key words: moderation; mediation; interactions; direct effects; indirect effects; post-hoc probing.
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