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Journal of Pediatric Psychology Advance Access originally published online on March 2, 2006
Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2006 31(9):978-988; doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsj109
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org

A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Psychological Interventions in Pediatric Oncology on Outcomes of Psychological Distress and Adjustment

Ahna L. H. Pai, PhD1, Dennis Drotar, PhD1, Kathy Zebracki, MA2, Melisa Moore, MA2 and Eric Youngstrom, PhD2

1 Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, and 2 Case Western Reserve University

All correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Ahna L. H. Pai, PhD, Division of Oncology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th and Civic Center Boulevard, CHOP North, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104. E-mail: paia{at}email.chop.edu.

Received June 22, 2005; revision received December 7, 2005, January 31, 2006; accepted February 9, 2006

Objective To estimate the effectiveness of psychological interventions in pediatric oncology on decreasing psychological distress and increasing psychological adjustment using meta-analytic methods. Methods A meta-analysis was conducted on 12 psychological intervention studies in pediatric oncology using a weighted least squares (WLS) approach and random effect models. Results Effect sizes significantly different from zero were found for parent distress (mean = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.20–0.49, n = 7) and parent adjustment (mean = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.07–0.40, n = 5). Effect sizes for child distress, child adjustment, parent-reported child distress, and parent-reported child adjustment were not significantly different from zero. Conclusions Psychological interventions in pediatric oncology show promise in decreasing distress and improving the adjustment of parents of children with cancer but may have minimal effects for child outcomes. Methodological issues of intervention research are discussed.

Key words: cancer; intervention; pediatric oncology; psychological adjustment; psychological distress.


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