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Journal of Pediatric Psychology Advance Access originally published online on June 30, 2007
Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2007 32(10):1203-1213; doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsm051
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Predict Nicotine Dependence and Progression to Regular Smoking from Adolescence to Young Adulthood

Bernard F. Fuemmeler, PhD1, Scott H. Kollins, PhD2 and F. Joseph McClernon, PhD2

1Community and Family Medicine, University Medical Center and 2Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center

All Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Bernard F. Fuemmeler, Community and Family Medicine, University Medical Center, Bernard.fuemmeler{at}duke.edu.


  Abstract

Objective To examine the association between retrospectively reported attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and progression to smoking and the association with nicotine dependence. Methods Study sample consisted of a nationally representative cohort of U.S. adolescents (n = 13,494). Logistic regression was used to examine ADHD symptoms from both the inattentive (IN) and hyperactive-impulsive (HI) domains and smoking trajectories. Linear regression was used to examine nicotine dependence. Results HI symptoms were associated with progression from nonsmoking to regular smoking (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.07–1.21), and with progression from experimentation to regular smoking (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.08–1.26). IN and HI symptoms were associated with nicotine dependence among current smokers (IN: β = 0.17, SE = 0.03, p < 0.0001; HI: β = 0.10, SE = 0.04., p < .001). Conclusions These results have important implications for the development of prevention and treatment modalities.

Key words: ADHD; adolescence; smoking.

Received October 4, 2006; revision received May 15, 2007; accepted May 24, 2007


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