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Journal of Pediatric Psychology Advance Access originally published online on June 8, 2006
Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2007 32(3):309-318; doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsl005
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Parental Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms as a Moderator of Child’s Acute Biological Response and Subsequent Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms in Pediatric Injury Patients

Nicole R. Nugent, MA1, Sarah Ostrowski, MA1, Norman C. Christopher, MD2,3 and Douglas L. Delahanty, PhD1,4

1 Department of Psychology, Kent State University, 2 Emergency/Trauma Services, Akron Children’s Hospital, 3 Department of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics, Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine (NEOUCOM), and, 4 Department of Psychology in Psychiatry, Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine (NEOUCOM)

All correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Douglas L. Delahanty, PhD, Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242. E-mail: ddelahan{at}kent.edu.


  Abstract

Objective To examine how parental responses following pediatric injury may influence their child’s posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Methods Heart rate (HR) from 82 pediatric injury patients was measured during emergency medical services (EMSs) transport and following hospital admission. Twelve-hour urinary cortisol levels were assessed upon admission. Child PTSS and parental PTSS and general distress were assessed 6 weeks and 6 months after trauma. Results Six-week parental PTSS predicted 6-month child PTSS even after controlling for demographics and general parent distress ({Delta}R2 = .08, p = .03). Parental PTSS moderated the relationship between (a) child cortisol levels and 6-month child PTSS ({Delta}R2 = .08, p = .03) and between (b) hospital HR and 6-month child PTSS ({Delta}R2 = .09, p = .03). Conclusion The present findings suggest that parental response to trauma may interact with child acute physiological responses to predict persistent child PTSS.

Key words: acute predictors; children; parents; posttraumatic stress disorder.

Received September 28, 2005; revision received February 8, 2006; revision received April 3, 2006; accepted April 3, 2006


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