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Journal of Pediatric Psychology Advance Access originally published online on February 21, 2008
Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2008 33(7):789-796; doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsn009
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

This article appears in the following Journal of Pediatric Psychology issue: Series on Methodology Article [View the issue table of contents]

A Meta-analysis of Interventions to Increase Adherence to Medication Regimens for Pediatric Otitis Media and Streptococcal Pharyngitis

Yelena P. Wu, MA and Michael C. Roberts, PhD, ABPP

Clinical Child Psychology Program, 2011 Dole Human Development Center, University of Kansas, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045-7555, USA

All correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Yelena P. Wu, MA, Clinical Child Psychology Program, 2011 Dole Human Development Center, University of Kansas, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence KS 66045-7555. E-mail: yelenawu{at}ku.edu


  Abstract

Objective The current study quantitatively synthesized the adherence intervention literature for two common acute childhood illnesses and examined the magnitude of change in adherence as indicated by different outcome measures and the relationship between type of intervention and adherence outcome. Methods Meta-analysis was used to synthesize the results of 12 interventions to increase medication adherence in pediatric otitis media and streptococcal pharyngitis. Effect sizes were analyzed using homogeneity tests and an analog to the analysis of variance. Results Combination interventions were more effective than single strategy interventions. However, families receiving educational interventions alone did not demonstrate better adherence than control groups. Indirect measures of adherence showed more change in adherence than direct measures. Conclusions Further work is needed to develop effective interventions for improving adherence for the medication regimens required for short-term illness and for optimizing health outcomes.

Key words: acute illness; adherence; intervention; medication; meta-analysis.

Received September 17, 2007; revision received December 14, 2007; accepted January 26, 2008


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