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Journal of Pediatric Psychology Advance Access published online on May 11, 2005
Journal of Pediatric Psychology, doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsj035
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Journal of Pediatric Psychology © The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org
Received November 15, 2004
Revised March 24, 2005
Accepted April 20, 2005

Article

Behavior Problems Associated with Sleep Disordered Breathing in School-Aged Children--the Tucson Children’s Assessment of Sleep Apnea Study

Shelagh A. Mulvaney PhD1*, James L. Goodwin PhD2, Wayne J. Morgan MD3, Gerald R. Rosen MD4, Stuart F. Quan MD5, and Kristine L. Kaemingk PhD6

1 Center for Evaluation and Program Improvement, Vanderbilt University
2 Arizona Respiratory Center and Department of Medicine, University of Arizona
3 Arizona Respiratory Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona
4 Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota
5 Arizona Respiratory Center and Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, and
6 Department of Pediatrics & Steele Memorial Children’s Research Center, University of Arizona

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Shelagh A. Mulvaney, E-mail: shelagh.mulvaney{at}vanderbilt.edu.


  Abstract

Objective The purpose of the current study was to examine prevalence of and relations between a commonly used measure of nighttime breathing problems, the Respiratory Disturbance Index (RDI), and a range of problem behaviors in community children. Methods Participants were 403 unreferred children aged 6-12 years. Recruitment was completed through public elementary schools. Overnight unattended in-home polysomnography was used to assess sleep and breathing. The RDI was used as the indicator of respiratory events during sleep. The Child Behavior Checklist and the Conners’ Parent Rating Scales-Revised were used to assess behavior. Results Prevalence rates for Attention, Cognitive Problems, Aggression, Oppositional behavior, and Social Problems were greatest for subjects with high RDIs. Prevalence for Internalizing behaviors was not greater for those subjects with high RDIs. Hyperactivity was not strongly related to higher RDIs. Conclusions Behavioral problems may exist in the presence of nocturnal breathing events in unreferred children. Specific patterns of behavioral morbidity have still not been established. Some behaviors, such as hyperactivity, may show differing sensitivity and specificity in relation to the RDI.

Keywords: behavior; children; Child Behavior Checklist; Conners’ Parent Rating Scales--Revised; prevalence; Respiratory Disturbance Index; sleep disordered breathing.
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