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Journal of Pediatric Psychology Advance Access published online on September 21, 2005
Journal of Pediatric Psychology, doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsj081
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Journal of Pediatric Psychology © The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received February 17, 2005
Revised July 28, 2005
Accepted August 28, 2005

Article

Brief Report: Optimizing Children’s Memory and Management of an Invasive Medical Procedure: The Influence of Procedural Narration and Distraction

Karen Salmon Dip. Clin. Psych., PhD1*, Fiona McGuigan MPsychol., PhD2, and John Kieran Pereira MBBS, B(med)S3

1 University of New South Wales
2 University of New South Wales; School of Psychology, University of New South Wales
3 Sydney Children’s and Prince of Wales Hospitals; Department of Medical Imaging and Nephrology, Sydney Children’s and Prince of Wales Hospitals

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Karen Salmon, E-mail: k.salmon{at}unsw.edu.au


  Abstract

Objective To evaluate the influence of two interventions on children’s memory of and distress during a voiding cysto-urethrogram (VCUG, X-ray of the kidneys). Methods Sixty-two children (aged 2.5-7.5 years) were allocated to one of three conditions. In one (CI + D), they received complete procedural information during the VCUG, with a cartoon video. In a second (PI + D), children received limited procedural information, with a cartoon video. In a third (standard care, PI), they received limited procedural information. VCUGs were videotaped and distress was coded using the CAMPIS-R. To assess memory, children were interviewed 1 week later. Results Relative to the PI condition, children in the CI + D condition recalled more information, appraised the VCUG as less painful, and were less distressed. There were no differences between the PI + D and PI conditions. Conclusions An inexpensive, theoretically driven intervention can enhance children’s memory and reduce distress during an invasive procedure.

Keywords: children; distraction; distress; medical procedure; memory; procedural information.
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