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Journal of Pediatric Psychology Advance Access published online on November 3, 2006

Journal of Pediatric Psychology, doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsl038
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediartic Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received March 10, 2006
Accepted September 24, 2006

Articles

Parent and Family Factors Associated with Child Adjustment to Pediatric Cancer

Kristen E. Robinson BS 1, Cynthia A. Gerhardt PhD 1 *, Kathryn Vannatta PhD 1, and Robert B. Noll PhD 2

1 Center for Biobehavioral Health, Columbus Children's Research Institute and The Ohio State University
2 Child Development Unit, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cynthia A. Gerhardt, E-mail: gerhardc{at}ccri.net


   Abstract

Objective To identify factors that influence the association between parent and child distress among families of children with cancer and comparison peers. Methods Parent and child distress, social support, and family environment were assessed among families of 95 children with cancer (94 mothers, 67 fathers) and 98 comparison peers (97 mothers, 77 fathers). Results Significant associations were found between parent and child distress. For models examining the impact of fathers’ distress on children, several moderators were identified (i.e., family environment, child age and gender, a cancer diagnosis, and treatment severity). Family environment also partially mediated father and child distress. Conclusions Children whose parents were distressed were more likely to be distressed themselves. Subgroups of children were particularly vulnerable, indicating a need to identify further mechanisms of risk and resilience and to develop family-based interventions. Support was found for including fathers as independent sources of information in pediatric psychology research and clinical practice.

Keywords: adjustment; cancer; families; family environment; social support.
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