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Journal of Pediatric Psychology Advance Access published online on November 17, 2007
Journal of Pediatric Psychology, doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsm103
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Evidence-based Assessment of Pediatric Pain

Lindsey L. Cohen, PhD1, Kathleen Lemanek, PhD2, Ronald. L. Blount, PhD3, Lynnda M. Dahlquist, PhD4, Crystal S. Lim, MA1, Tonya M. Palermo, PhD5, Kristine D. McKenna, MS4 and Karen E. Weiss, MS4

1Georgia State University, 2College of Medicine, Ohio State University, 3University of Georgia, 4University of Maryland Baltimore County, and 5Oregon Health and Science University

All correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to: Lindsey L. Cohen, PhD, Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-5010. E-mail: llcohen{at}gsu.edu


  Abstract

Objective To conduct an evidence-based review of pediatric pain measures. Methods Seventeen measures were examined, spanning pain intensity self-report, questionnaires and diaries, and behavioral observations. Measures were classified as "Well-established," "Approaching well-established," or "Promising" according to established criteria. Information was highlighted to help professionals evaluate the instruments for particular purposes (e.g., research, clinical work). Results Eleven measures met criteria for "Well-established," six "Approaching well-established," and zero were classified as "Promising." Conclusions There are a number of strong measures for assessing children's pain, which allows professionals options to meet their particular needs. Future directions in pain assessment are identified, such as highlighting culture and the impact of pain on functioning. This review examines the research and characteristics of some of the commonly used pain tools in hopes that the reader will be able to use this evidence-based approach and the information in future selection of assessment devices for pediatric pain.

Key words: assessment; interviews; observational; pain; pediatrics; self-report.

Received March 9, 2007; revision received September 16, 2007; accepted October 1, 2007


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